As, for instance, when Bentham explains (Principles of Morals and Legislation, chap. i. §i. note) that his fundamental principle ``states the greatest happiness of all those whose interest is in question as being the right and proper end of human action'', we cannot understand him really to mean by the word ``right'' ``conducive to the general happiness'', though his language in other passages of the same chapter (§§ix. and x.) would seem to imply this; for the proposition that it is conducive to general happiness to take general happiness as an end of action, though not exactly a tautology, can hardly serve as the fundamental principle of a moral system.